Accessory Flexor Carpi Ulnaris and Bilaterally Variant Vascular Anatomy of Upper Limb: An Unusual Presentation
نویسندگان
چکیده
We report a rare combination of variations in the upper limb of a human cadaver. Accessory flexor carpi ulnaris with absent palmaris longus was observed in the left forearm during routine dissection of a male cadaver. Variant vascular pattern was observed bilaterally. Brachial artery bifurcated at a higher level. Ulnar artery gave rise to persistent median artery (PMA) which pierced the median nerve and accompanied it deep into flexor retinaculum to terminate as two common palmar digital arteries. Superficial palmar arch was not formed as the PMA did not anastomose with either the radial or ulnar artery. Radial artery was small and deep palmar arch was mainly contributed by the deep branch of ulnar artery. Awareness of these coexistent variations in the forearm and hand is anatomically as well as clinically important in reconstructive hand surgeries.
منابع مشابه
Unusual combination of muscular and arterial variations in the upper extremity: a case report of a variant palmaris longus and an additional tendinous portion of the flexor carpi ulnaris together with a persistent median artery
In this report we describe an unusual combination of anatomical variations in the left upper extremity. A rare case of a variant palmaris longus muscle, an unknown variation of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle and a persistent median artery were discovered during routine anatomical dissection. The anatomical aspects of these variations have been discussed in detail. We also review the clinical l...
متن کاملExtensor carpi ulnaris: bilateral accessory tendons to the fifth metacarpal
Introduction Awareness of potential variations in muscular organization and routing of tendinous insertions is essential for those in medical education, practice, and research. In the upper limb the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus by the common extensor tendon and from the posterior aspect of the proximal half of the ulna to insert on the base...
متن کاملThe Biomechanics of the Split Pedicled Flexor Carpi Ulnaris For Tendon Transfer
The reconstruction of the upper limb often requires functioning muscle units to be transferred. In severe injuries such as crushed forearms, Volkmann's ischaemia, brachial plexus lesions and tetraplegia, there is often a paucity of available muscle units for reconstruction. One avenue, which is relatively unexplored, is the use of split pedicled muscle transfers. The prerequisite for a split mu...
متن کاملEMG of arm and forearm muscle activities with regard to handgrip force in relation to upper limb location
The aim of the study was to assess the maximum force of the handgrip depending on four different upper limb locations and to analyse the influence of limb location on muscle activities connected with the handgrip force. Five upper limb and shoulder muscles were examined: extensor carpi radialis longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, biceps brachii caput breve, deltoideus pars anterior and trapezius pars...
متن کاملSupernumerary flexor carpi ulnaris--case report and review.
Anomalies of Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) are uncommon and predominantly consist of abnormal insertion or extra tendinous bands. The presence of two separate bellies of FCU muscle with separate tendons has been termed as Digastric FCU. It is a very rare anomaly with only six previously reported cases and no report of clinical use of such anomalous muscle. We describe a case of anomalous FCU found...
متن کامل